To be honest I was a bit puzzled why you were using an LFO to trigger the envelope. I thought there was maybe some very specific reason you were doing that. But what I do is add the keyboard object so that I can trigger the envelope from the on-screen Axoloti keyboard. There's a MIDI input object that sends the trigger out when you hit a key, and that trigger is what I use to trigger the envelopes as well.
My Axoloti computer is undergoing some physical changes right now or I'd post a patch for you. But just as easy would be to look at the basic examples under the Factory Demos, look for the step-by-step series Johannes made to demonstrate building a synthesizer, and that will give you the trigger. Once you have the trigger understood, maybe try what I said to get longer durations, although there's no guarantee that will work cause I'm just guessing.